含む

ふくむfukumu

contain

Godan verb, group 1, ending -mu.

Conjugated like 読む, 飲む, 進む, 住む, 楽しむ, 悩む

Newbie

The polite forms to talk about now, the future, and the past, and the te-form of requests.

  1. Polite present · -masu

    What you do, usually or soon, said politely. Japanese has one form for the present and the future.

    1. affirmative含みますふくみますfukumimasu
    2. negative含みませんふくみませんfukumimasen

  2. Polite past · -mashita

    What you did, or did not do, said politely.

    1. affirmative含みましたふくみましたfukumimashita
    2. negative含みませんでしたふくみませんでしたfukumimasen deshita

  3. Te-form

    Links actions (and then…), and with ください asks politely.

    1. 含んでふくんでfukunde
    2. request含んでくださいふくんでくださいfukunde kudasai

  4. Let’s · -mashō

    To suggest doing something together: let’s…

    1. 含みましょうふくみましょうfukumimashō

  5. Wanting to · -tai

    What you want to do. Add です to be polite.

    1. affirmative含みたいふくみたいfukumitai
    2. negative含みたくないふくみたくないfukumitakunai
BeginnerThe plain forms of everyday speech, what is going on, what you can do, conditions, and the passive.Plain present · dictionary form · Plain past · -ta · Ongoing · -te iru · Potential · If, when · -tara · PassiveAlso show the Beginner forms (6)

  1. Plain present · dictionary form

    Between friends and family, and before a noun or many phrases. It also says the future.

    1. affirmative含むふくむfukumu
    2. negative含まないふくまないfukumanai

  2. Plain past · -ta

    The past between friends and family, and before a noun.

    1. affirmative含んだふくんだfukunda
    2. negative含まなかったふくまなかったfukumanakatta

  3. Ongoing · -te iru

    What is going on now, a habit, or a state that lasts: 結婚している, to be married.

    1. plain含んでいるふくんでいるfukunde iru
    2. polite含んでいますふくんでいますfukunde imasu

  4. Potential

    What you can do. Its object often takes が: 日本語が話せる.

    1. plain含めるふくめるfukumeru
    2. polite含めますふくめますfukumemasu

  5. If, when · -tara

    If or once something happens, and what you found when it did.

    1. 含んだらふくんだらfukundara

  6. Passive

    What is done to someone, often to their regret: に marks who does it. It is also a respectful way to speak of others.

    1. plain含まれるふくまれるfukumareru
    2. polite含まれますふくまれますfukumaremasu
IntermediateIntentions, orders, conditions, making someone do something, and the verbs of respect and modesty.Volitional · -ō, -yō · Command · Condition · -ba · Causative · Causative passiveAlso show the Intermediate forms (5)

  1. Volitional · -ō, -yō

    Let’s, between friends; with と思う, what you intend to do.

    1. 含もうふくもうfukumō

  2. Command

    A blunt order or ban (〜な), heard in sports, on signs, and between men. Politely, say 〜てください.

    1. order含めふくめfukume
    2. ban含むなふくむなfukumu na

  3. Condition · -ba

    If…: the condition for what follows. In the negative, it also says what you must do: 〜なければならない.

    1. affirmative含めばふくめばfukumeba
    2. negative含まなければふくまなければfukumanakereba

  4. Causative

    Making or letting someone do something: に or を marks who does it.

    1. plain含ませるふくませるfukumaseru
    2. polite含ませますふくませますfukumasemasu

  5. Causative passive

    Being made to do something you did not want to. In speech, godan verbs often shorten -aserareru to -asareru.

    1. plain含ませられるふくませられるfukumaserareru
    2. polite含ませられますふくませられますfukumaseraremasu