かく

kaku

scratch

Godan verb, group 1, ending -ku.

Conjugated like 聞く, つく, 書く, 切り抜く, 渇く, 懐く

Newbie

The polite forms to talk about now, the future, and the past, and the te-form of requests.

  1. Polite present · -masu

    What you do, usually or soon, said politely. Japanese has one form for the present and the future.

    1. affirmativeかきますkakimasu
    2. negativeかきませんkakimasen

  2. Polite past · -mashita

    What you did, or did not do, said politely.

    1. affirmativeかきましたkakimashita
    2. negativeかきませんでしたkakimasen deshita

  3. Te-form

    Links actions (and then…), and with ください asks politely.

    1. かいてkaite
    2. requestかいてくださいkaite kudasai

  4. Let’s · -mashō

    To suggest doing something together: let’s…

    1. かきましょうkakimashō

  5. Wanting to · -tai

    What you want to do. Add です to be polite.

    1. affirmativeかきたいkakitai
    2. negativeかきたくないkakitakunai
BeginnerThe plain forms of everyday speech, what is going on, what you can do, conditions, and the passive.Plain present · dictionary form · Plain past · -ta · Ongoing · -te iru · Potential · If, when · -tara · PassiveAlso show the Beginner forms (6)

  1. Plain present · dictionary form

    Between friends and family, and before a noun or many phrases. It also says the future.

    1. affirmativeかくkaku
    2. negativeかかないkakanai

  2. Plain past · -ta

    The past between friends and family, and before a noun.

    1. affirmativeかいたkaita
    2. negativeかかなかったkakanakatta

  3. Ongoing · -te iru

    What is going on now, a habit, or a state that lasts: 結婚している, to be married.

    1. plainかいているkaite iru
    2. politeかいていますkaite imasu

  4. Potential

    What you can do. Its object often takes が: 日本語が話せる.

    1. plainかけるkakeru
    2. politeかけますkakemasu

  5. If, when · -tara

    If or once something happens, and what you found when it did.

    1. かいたらkaitara

  6. Passive

    What is done to someone, often to their regret: に marks who does it. It is also a respectful way to speak of others.

    1. plainかかれるkakareru
    2. politeかかれますkakaremasu
IntermediateIntentions, orders, conditions, making someone do something, and the verbs of respect and modesty.Volitional · -ō, -yō · Command · Condition · -ba · Causative · Causative passiveAlso show the Intermediate forms (5)

  1. Volitional · -ō, -yō

    Let’s, between friends; with と思う, what you intend to do.

    1. かこうkakō

  2. Command

    A blunt order or ban (〜な), heard in sports, on signs, and between men. Politely, say 〜てください.

    1. orderかけkake
    2. banかくなkaku na

  3. Condition · -ba

    If…: the condition for what follows. In the negative, it also says what you must do: 〜なければならない.

    1. affirmativeかけばkakeba
    2. negativeかかなければkakanakereba

  4. Causative

    Making or letting someone do something: に or を marks who does it.

    1. plainかかせるkakaseru
    2. politeかかせますkakasemasu

  5. Causative passive

    Being made to do something you did not want to. In speech, godan verbs often shorten -aserareru to -asareru.

    1. plainかかせられるkakaserareru
    2. politeかかせられますkakaseraremasu