書く

かくkaku

write

Godan verb, group 1, ending -ku.

Conjugated like 聞く, つく, いただく, 置く, 続く, 描く

Newbie

The polite forms to talk about now, the future, and the past, and the te-form of requests.

  1. Polite present · -masu

    What you do, usually or soon, said politely. Japanese has one form for the present and the future.

    1. affirmative書きますかきますkakimasu
    2. negative書きませんかきませんkakimasen

  2. Polite past · -mashita

    What you did, or did not do, said politely.

    1. affirmative書きましたかきましたkakimashita
    2. negative書きませんでしたかきませんでしたkakimasen deshita

  3. Te-form

    Links actions (and then…), and with ください asks politely.

    1. 書いてかいてkaite
    2. request書いてくださいかいてくださいkaite kudasai

  4. Let’s · -mashō

    To suggest doing something together: let’s…

    1. 書きましょうかきましょうkakimashō

  5. Wanting to · -tai

    What you want to do. Add です to be polite.

    1. affirmative書きたいかきたいkakitai
    2. negative書きたくないかきたくないkakitakunai
BeginnerThe plain forms of everyday speech, what is going on, what you can do, conditions, and the passive.Plain present · dictionary form · Plain past · -ta · Ongoing · -te iru · Potential · If, when · -tara · PassiveAlso show the Beginner forms (6)

  1. Plain present · dictionary form

    Between friends and family, and before a noun or many phrases. It also says the future.

    1. affirmative書くかくkaku
    2. negative書かないかかないkakanai

  2. Plain past · -ta

    The past between friends and family, and before a noun.

    1. affirmative書いたかいたkaita
    2. negative書かなかったかかなかったkakanakatta

  3. Ongoing · -te iru

    What is going on now, a habit, or a state that lasts: 結婚している, to be married.

    1. plain書いているかいているkaite iru
    2. polite書いていますかいていますkaite imasu

  4. Potential

    What you can do. Its object often takes が: 日本語が話せる.

    1. plain書けるかけるkakeru
    2. polite書けますかけますkakemasu

  5. If, when · -tara

    If or once something happens, and what you found when it did.

    1. 書いたらかいたらkaitara

  6. Passive

    What is done to someone, often to their regret: に marks who does it. It is also a respectful way to speak of others.

    1. plain書かれるかかれるkakareru
    2. polite書かれますかかれますkakaremasu
IntermediateIntentions, orders, conditions, making someone do something, and the verbs of respect and modesty.Volitional · -ō, -yō · Command · Condition · -ba · Causative · Causative passiveAlso show the Intermediate forms (5)

  1. Volitional · -ō, -yō

    Let’s, between friends; with と思う, what you intend to do.

    1. 書こうかこうkakō

  2. Command

    A blunt order or ban (〜な), heard in sports, on signs, and between men. Politely, say 〜てください.

    1. order書けかけkake
    2. ban書くなかくなkaku na

  3. Condition · -ba

    If…: the condition for what follows. In the negative, it also says what you must do: 〜なければならない.

    1. affirmative書けばかけばkakeba
    2. negative書かなければかかなければkakanakereba

  4. Causative

    Making or letting someone do something: に or を marks who does it.

    1. plain書かせるかかせるkakaseru
    2. polite書かせますかかせますkakasemasu

  5. Causative passive

    Being made to do something you did not want to. In speech, godan verbs often shorten -aserareru to -asareru.

    1. plain書かせられるかかせられるkakaserareru
    2. polite書かせられますかかせられますkakaseraremasu