習う

ならうnarau

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Godan verb, group 1, ending -u.

Conjugated like 言う, 思う, 使う, 知り合う, 背負う, 向き合う

Newbie

The polite forms to talk about now, the future, and the past, and the te-form of requests.

  1. Polite present · -masu

    What you do, usually or soon, said politely. Japanese has one form for the present and the future.

    1. affirmative習いますならいますnaraimasu
    2. negative習いませんならいませんnaraimasen

  2. Polite past · -mashita

    What you did, or did not do, said politely.

    1. affirmative習いましたならいましたnaraimashita
    2. negative習いませんでしたならいませんでしたnaraimasen deshita

  3. Te-form

    Links actions (and then…), and with ください asks politely.

    1. 習ってならってnaratte
    2. request習ってくださいならってくださいnaratte kudasai

  4. Let’s · -mashō

    To suggest doing something together: let’s…

    1. 習いましょうならいましょうnaraimashō

  5. Wanting to · -tai

    What you want to do. Add です to be polite.

    1. affirmative習いたいならいたいnaraitai
    2. negative習いたくないならいたくないnaraitakunai
BeginnerThe plain forms of everyday speech, what is going on, what you can do, conditions, and the passive.Plain present · dictionary form · Plain past · -ta · Ongoing · -te iru · Potential · If, when · -tara · PassiveAlso show the Beginner forms (6)

  1. Plain present · dictionary form

    Between friends and family, and before a noun or many phrases. It also says the future.

    1. affirmative習うならうnarau
    2. negative習わないならわないnarawanai

  2. Plain past · -ta

    The past between friends and family, and before a noun.

    1. affirmative習ったならったnaratta
    2. negative習わなかったならわなかったnarawanakatta

  3. Ongoing · -te iru

    What is going on now, a habit, or a state that lasts: 結婚している, to be married.

    1. plain習っているならっているnaratte iru
    2. polite習っていますならっていますnaratte imasu

  4. Potential

    What you can do. Its object often takes が: 日本語が話せる.

    1. plain習えるならえるnaraeru
    2. polite習えますならえますnaraemasu

  5. If, when · -tara

    If or once something happens, and what you found when it did.

    1. 習ったらならったらnarattara

  6. Passive

    What is done to someone, often to their regret: に marks who does it. It is also a respectful way to speak of others.

    1. plain習われるならわれるnarawareru
    2. polite習われますならわれますnarawaremasu
IntermediateIntentions, orders, conditions, making someone do something, and the verbs of respect and modesty.Volitional · -ō, -yō · Command · Condition · -ba · Causative · Causative passiveAlso show the Intermediate forms (5)

  1. Volitional · -ō, -yō

    Let’s, between friends; with と思う, what you intend to do.

    1. 習おうならおうnaraō

  2. Command

    A blunt order or ban (〜な), heard in sports, on signs, and between men. Politely, say 〜てください.

    1. order習えならえnarae
    2. ban習うなならうなnarau na

  3. Condition · -ba

    If…: the condition for what follows. In the negative, it also says what you must do: 〜なければならない.

    1. affirmative習えばならえばnaraeba
    2. negative習わなければならわなければnarawanakereba

  4. Causative

    Making or letting someone do something: に or を marks who does it.

    1. plain習わせるならわせるnarawaseru
    2. polite習わせますならわせますnarawasemasu

  5. Causative passive

    Being made to do something you did not want to. In speech, godan verbs often shorten -aserareru to -asareru.

    1. plain習わせられるならわせられるnarawaserareru
    2. polite習わせられますならわせられますnarawaseraremasu